Main lines: in
Arc of Essentials
©
Relations between The Four Domains of Information
Overall view: The Four
Domains of Information
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Overall view: The Four
Domains of Information
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I
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II
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III
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IV
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Field of knowledge
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Domain
(process level)
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Psychological processes
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Abstract patterns
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Physical processes
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Social interactions
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Typical activity
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Performance, motivation, experience, quality, consciousness
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Reasoning, inference, judgment, truthfinding
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Operation, influencing, directing
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Sending and receiving of information
Verbal and nonverbal encoding and decoding
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Problem
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What determines well-being, responding, decision-making of people?
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How do you know what is true, probable, or plausible?
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What is causing a phenomenon - and what are its consequences?
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What does language 'tell'? What does communication 'do'?
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Topic
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Model of functioning/system
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Laws of truth,
valid schemes of inference
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Laws of cause-effect,
causal hypothesis/model
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Principles of contact, communication and language use
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Mode of information
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Information in behavior and experience
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Information in combinations and implications
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Information in processes of cause-effect
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Information in sign and meaning
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Substance
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Quality: meanings, sense-data, emotions, esthetics, .. qualia
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Quantity: combinations, derivation relations
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Operation: dynamics; causal mechanisms
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Physicalmanifestation: expressions
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Type of structure
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Semantic network
Content and consistency of experience : model, determines associative thinking.
'We anticipate events by construing their replications' (Kelly, G.A., 1955; Construct Theory, Construction
Collorary').
'The map is not the territory' (A. Korzybski).
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Logical structure
Planning Patterns: Abstract structure, represents logical combinations and implications: preconditionsfor truth value.
'To discover truths is the task of all sciences, it falls to logic to discern the laws of truth' (G. Frege)
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Causal relations
Using information to achieve desired results.
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Syntax
'Rules' and 'vocabulary' - from language, culture, events or improvisation - for expressing information.
Preconditionsfor communication.
'The choice of the signifier.. has no natural connection with the signified' (F. de Saussure, 1916; 1922: p.200)
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'The connection of linguistic forms with their meanings is wholly arbitrary' (L. Bloomfield, 1933, p.145)
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Unique features
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Capacity for consciousness-
Unique features:
(·) Is a necessary condition for all experience and information that we can know of.
(·) Includes quality of experience, intrinsic value, sensory experience, emotion, qualiaetc..
Examples:
• Conscious awareness.
• Conscious noting something (on grounds of difference).
• Degree of global intensityof consciousness.
• Subjective sensations (sentiency).
• Quality aspects of experiences (qualia).
• Clarity, sharpness and detail of experience (lucidity).
• Dynamics of experience (vividness).
• Degree of specific intensity of experience (impressiveness).
• Sense encountered (pregnancy).
• Meaning perceived (intensionality).
• Overall experience of quality (e.g. experienced degree of happiness, contentment, gratification, fulfillment, satisfaction).
(see a.o. Miller, Kaplan, Searle, Nagel, Chalmers, Lanier, etc.).
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Abstract organization-
Unique features:
(·) Is open to discrete difference, basis of information.
(·) Is quantifiable. Quantityincludes e.g., size, number , sign, syntax, structure, complexity, etc..
(·) Is systematically 'creative'. Combinatoricsgives rise to differentiation, by which other aspects and variations appear.
(·) Is, by combinatory explosion, infinitely expandable (up to unlimited cardinality). However, any valid expansion or transformation will always be immediately and
inherently reversible, i.e. reducible again to its starting parameters.
(·) Embodies extrinsic organization. Implies Multiple Realizibility. Offers raw material for Virtual Reality
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(·) Is subject to logical laws, which are described in formal logic and meta-logic.
(eg Frege, Hilbert, Cantor, Russell, Zermelo, Herbrand, Tarski, Gödel, Church, Kleene, Turing, Lindenbaum, Henkin, Skolem, Löwenheim,
Robinson, etc.).
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Physical structure-
Unique features:
(·) Is apparently inherent to physical phenomena such as matter, energie, space and time.
(·) Implies intrinsic organization.
(·) Comprises cause-effect relations (causality).
(see Kant, Peirce, Wehl, Popper, Lakatos and others).
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Intersubjective experience-
Unique features:
(·) Communication consists of 'the offering and accepting of meaning' (V.Satir, 1976).
(·) Communication enables mutual understanding. The value of shared experience comprises more than 'the sum of its
parts'.
(see Korzybski, Leech, Heider, Keller & Brown, Satir, etc.).
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Inherent features
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Appears to be dependent of neuro-physicalfunctions.
(·) Can not immediadetely, as such, be observed in physicaldomain.
(·) Is accessible for, but essentiallynot reducible to, abstract ordering. Quality can not be substituted or created by quantity.
Is in effect not 'computable' through algorithms. Thus consciousness can never be imitated, modeled, programmed or generated arithmetically (for example, by algorithms as is proposed in Artificial Intelligence,
Deep Learning, Dataism). This constitutes the 'non-computabality' of consciousness.
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Is immediately perceivable within consciousness, although only through mental construction.
(·) Can not completely, 100% exactly be 'contained' in consciousperception.
(Can be understood, but is not fully imaginable. Think for example of a 'thousand-sided polygon').
(·) Does not have a 'process nature' or other physicalfeatures. (·) Is not dependent of physical aspects such as
matter, energie, space or time; therefore neither substance, medium or carrier.
(·) Can not immediadetely, as such, be located in physicaldomain.
(·) Kan niet volledig, 100 % exact worden weergegeven in fysischdomein.
(Can be understood, but can not be fully represented.. Think for example of a 'perfect circle').
(·) May show an approximate symmetry with , but is notreally reducible to, physical structure.
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Appears to be inherently relative.
(·) Is not recognizable 'as such' (an Sich) to us.
(·) Has no - traceable - intrinsic 'meaning'. Has only assignedmeaning, through interpretation.
(·) Physical formmay nevertheless, within some sharedcontext(frameof reference), serve as a vehicle for signaling and communication.
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Discernable of other domains.
(·) Communication makes use of reference by means of form , transmissionand meaning.
it thus involves interaction between the domains of information(abstract order), physical processesand subjective perception
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